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Strangers to Ourselves – Discovering the Adaptive Unconscious Paperback – 1 Jun 2004


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Wilson convincingly argues that our conscious minds are but the tip of the iceberg in deciding how we behave, what is important to us, and how we feel. Surveying a variety of contemporary psychological research, this book describes an unconscious that is capable of a much higher degree of "thinking" than previously supposed by adherents of either Freudian or Behaviorist branches of psychology. Capable of everything from problem solving and narrative construction to emotional reaction and prediction, the adaptive unconscious is a powerful and pervasive element of our whole personalities. Indeed, it may be the primary element of our personalities, controlling our real motivations, judgments, and actions...A fascinating read. -- David Valencia Library Journal 20020901 Timothy Wilson...offers a charming, talkative and yet authoritative review of how it became clear that most of what happens inside us is not perceptible by us. In fact, other people often know more about events inside [us]...because they can monitor [our] actions and body language better than [we] can...Strangers to Ourselves is certainly worth reading and reflecting upon. -- Tor Norrentronders New Scientist 20021005 This book offers an intricate combination of page-turning reading, cutting-edge research, and philosophical debate. At some level, Wilson points out, individuals know that processing and decision-making go on below the threshold of awareness; if every decision had to reach consciousness before action could be initiated, people would not be able to respond as promptly as some situations dictate. How does this processing occur? What standards are employed in reaching "less than" conscious decisions? Wilson explores these questions with penetrating clarity, impressively integrating literature from a variety of professions and disciplines including psychology and business...Wilson does an excellent job of covering research that addresses factors (internal and external) influencing decision-making processes that may appear to be unconscious...Highly recommended. -- R. E. Osborne Choice 20030201 [Wilson's] book is what popular psychology ought to be (and rarely is): thoughtful, beautifully written, and full of unexpected insights. -- Malcolm Gladwell New Yorker 20040920 There is much here to arouse interest and provoke thought in any reader, and the book does not outstay its welcome...The writing is clear and engaging, and the subject matter is illuminating and entertaining. Though Wilson insists that introspection is limited in its ability to reveal our true selves, it would be a very dull reader who was not roused by this book into a close self-examination. -- Jo Lawson Times Literary Supplement 20040813

About the Author

Timothy D. Wilson is Sherrell J. Aston Professor of Psychology at the University of Virginia.

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Amazon.com: 4.3 out of 5 stars 87 reviews
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars A wise and trustworthy advice from a man who knew how easy is to deceive ourselves 5 May 2017
By Marcial Losada - Published on Amazon.com
Format: Kindle Edition Verified Purchase
Tim Wilson was my classmate at the University of Michigan. There are some people whom you know you can trust from the moment you meet them. Being with Tim had the refreshing quality of knowing there was not another person whom he pretended to be. He was the real thing. Plus he was bright but not pretentious.

Reading this book was as refreshing as being with him again. Nothing had changed, except that he knows a lot more about how easy it is to deceive ourselves. He transmits his wisdom, much more than his wide knowledge, in a clear and endearing way.
3 of 3 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Read This, Cure Self-Deception! 1 February 2016
By Luis Lopez-Portillo - Published on Amazon.com
Format: Kindle Edition Verified Purchase
One of the best psychology books I've read! Very insightful yet simple and entertaining! Started on chapter 8, because of a particular interest, but afterwards went back and resd it all! Its all about how little we know ourselves snd what to do to fight unconscious self-deception! Excellent information about our adaptive unconscious and very interesting! Best advice: Fake it Till You Make It. Behavior can drive our feelings and thoughts!
7 of 7 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Who we really are 16 March 2011
By W. Cheung - Published on Amazon.com
Format: Paperback Verified Purchase
Quoting numerous studies (22 pages of bibliography), Professor Wilson is able to convince the reader that there are important mental processes that take place without the active awareness of our conscious self. We harbor intentions, personalities, emotions, evaluations, and narratives that we are not conscious of. Meanwhile we also possess consious mental activities. These two (unconscious and conscious) groups of mental processes do not necessarily agree, but neither do they necessarily disagree. They serve different functions and essentially help the organism to survive.

But if our consious self develops goals consistent with the unconscious ones, according to the author (page 91, quoting a relevant study), we will have better emotional well-being. However, gaining insights towards our unconscious mind is not that simple, and the author suggests that "the trick is to gather enought information to develop an informed gut feeling and then not analyze that feeling too much." (page 172)

One of the most uplifting and useful pieces of advice given by Professor Wilson is that "changing our behavior to match our conscious conceptions of ourselves is ... a good way to bring about changes in the adaptive unconsiousness" (p. 212) We do not have to be prisoners to our primal instincts after all.

I also particularly resonate with him that an accurate, peaceful and credible self-narrative is of utmost importance. I am glad that he mentions, albeit indirectly, that religion can be one way of achieving this (see pages 141 and 220).

Revealing, profound, and inspiring. Five stars.
16 of 17 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars An excellent description of how minds work 16 December 2006
By gjc - Published on Amazon.com
Format: Paperback Verified Purchase
I've been a fan of Timothy Wilson's research in social psychology for quite some time. He has been an author or co-author on some classic studies and reviews in psychology - usually asking interesting questions, using clever research methods, and written with clarity. In particular, if you can get your hands on the following paper it will give you a good idea of what you'll see in this book: "Telling more than we can know: verbal reports of mental processes" in Psychological Review (1977) with Richard Nisbett.

In the first chapter "Freud's Genius, Freud's Myopia" Wilson compares modern and early psychological theories of the unconscious. Wilson argues that Freud made a great contribution to psychology by pointing out that we aren't always aware of our motives and thoughts, but that Freud's conceptualization of the unconsciousness was limited for many reasons. Wilson's view is of an information-processing unconscious that does much of the work needed to navigate us through the world without taxing our limited consciousness - unlike Freud's view of the unconscious as a reservoir of inappropriate thoughts and desires. Furthermore, Wilson's view is informed by much more, and more rigiourous, research than Freud's.

An interesting chapter in the middle of the book discusses people's ability - or lack there of - to predict how they will react emotionally to events. This chapter is a good introduction to the concept of "affective forecasting" for people who are unfamiliar with the topic. However, the more recent book by Wilson's research collaborator Daniel Gilbert ("Stumbling on Happiness") is a more thorough and up-to-date treatment of this subject.

In "Strangers to Ourselves" Wilson expands on some of his own research on the limits of introspection, as well as integrating ideas from other researchers. Wilson argues that because we cannot know ourselves via introspection that self-knowledge can be enhanced by understanding other people - an excellent point in my opinion as a psychologist. In the later chapters, Wilson blends his ideas about consciousness and self-knowledge with Jamie Pennibaker's research and theories into the effects of writing about emotional events.

This is a fantastic book and I'd highly recommend it to people with any level of background knowledge in psychology from novices to experts.
2 of 2 people found the following review helpful
5.0 out of 5 stars Insightful read 21 June 2014
By trendsetter37 - Published on Amazon.com
Format: Kindle Edition Verified Purchase
One has to experience this book in order to realize how useful it is on a psychological level. There is nothing I could write in this review to convey the knowledge gleaned.

However, I will say is that if you read this and contemplate your own psychological issues you will make it through the other side wiser and more aware of yourself and others.

Also, reading this with "When the Body Says No" by Gabor Mate is great one, two punch for the mind!

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